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Environmental populism in Slovakia
Baroková, Bernadeta ; Vejchodská, Eliška (advisor) ; Plaček, Michal (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to identify the characteristics of environmental populism in Slovakia, which has been promoted by right-wing parties, labelled as populist, and which has been promoted in relation to the issues of nature conservation and the climate crisis in speeches in the National Council of the Slovak Republic on a specific bill amending Act No. 543/2002 Coll. on the Protection of Nature and the Countryside, the so-called reform of national parks. The theoretical part identifies the status and challenges of nature conservation in Slovakia, the attitudes of experts and the general public, as well as the proposed reform of national parks. The theoretical framework of the thesis includes the definition of populism and environmental populism and other phenomena associated with populism. The empirical part consists of an analysis using two methods - qualitative critical discourse analysis and quantitative method of holistic grading of 161 speeches of actors who were elected to the Parliament in 2020 on the electoral lists of Kotlebovci - Ľudová strana Naše Slovensko (Kotlebovi - the People's Party Our Slovakia) and We are Family (Sme rodina). One of the most significant findings of the research is that environmental populist discourse is present in the debate on the reform of national...
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If a thousand populisms: current forms of transformation of party politics
Štrpková, Lea ; Císař, Ondřej (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to analyze populism in the context of transformations of Czech party politics and to find out to what extent populism is used in the process of political communication by Czech political parties and movements in their election programs. The subject of our research were those political entities that fulfilled the 5% condition of the electoral clause in the elections. Specifically, the answer to the question of how much populism is used in general was investigated, and a comparison of the levels in the four analyzed periods, namely in 2010, 2013, 2017 and 2021. Furthermore, it was determined whether this type of political communication is used only by populist actors, or it is also resorted to by political entities that are not generally considered to be populist. Electoral programs were examined using the method of computer-based content analysis, based on an a priori dictionary operationalizing populism into three dimensions: anti-elitism, people-centrism, and the Manichean dualistic view. The results of the analysis indicate the most widespread use of this type of communication during the early elections in 2013, since then the values have slightly decreased. All parties and movements use populism in their communication, significant differences in the frequency of their...
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Impact of the economic crisis on the position of Dutch Freedom party towards the European Union
Loučková, Lenka ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (referee)
Bc. Lenka Loučková 2015/2016 Impact of the economic crisis on the position of Dutch Freedom party towards the European Union Abstract This thesis focuses on the relationship between the economic crisis and the attitude of the Dutch radical right populist Freedom Party (PVV) towards the European Union (EU). The aim of this thesis is to determine whether the economic crisis influenced the opinion of PVV on the EU in a negative way and whether it caused the shift of the party in the categorization of attitudes towards the EU by Petr Kopecky and Cas Mudde. The research also aims at contributing to the wider discussion about the nature of right radicalism, populism and Euroscepticism in the EU by pointing to the similarities and differences between PVV and other European parties belonging to the radical right populist family. The time frame of the research starts with the origins of the party in the year 2005 and ends with the last important elections that PVV participated in, the European Parliament elections in 2014. Election manifestos, as well as official statements of the party and its representatives on the Internet and in the media are used for the analysis. The research itself is focusing on three areas: EU's institutional setup and the direction of European integration; issues related to movement of...
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Right-wing and left-wing populism in the 2017 French presidential election
Klinková, Karolína ; Mejstřík, Martin (advisor) ; Tomalová, Eliška (referee)
The rise of populism is one of the most significant political phenomena of the last decade. Although populism has been studied from various perspectives, especially in recent years, there is still number of unresolved issues related to the phenomenon. One of them is a question of the relation between right-wing and left-wing populist policies. In this context, the thesis deals with the case of the 2017 French presidential election. In this vote, both right- wing populist Marine Le Pen and left-wing populist Jean-Luc Mélenchon achieved extraordinary political success. The thesis examines policy content of the selected thematic areas that the candidates were focusing on during the election campaign. It specifically examines electoral programs and media statements of the candidates as the sources of their policies. The thesis provides an analysis of the policy content of individual candidates, as well as a comparison of the policies in the selected thematic areas. Its main output is a description of the common and different features of the pre-election promises of the two selected populist politicians.
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The phenomenon of the rise of the extreme right in France, a content-discursive comparative analysis of the National Front candidates in the presidential elections since 2002
Húsková, Eva ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Komasová, Sarah (referee)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is the comparison of two presidential candidates, representing the French extreme-right party called National Front since 2002. Over the last few years, the popularity of National Front has been rising - M. Le Pen got into second round of presidential elections in 2017 and also, the party has been obtaining more and more seats in Parliament as a result of legislative elections. This work analyzes the development of the National Front in correlation with the "dediabolization" concept - mechanisms, that aims to normalize its rhetoric (erasing xenophobic and racist remarks, islamophobia and antisemitism). The thesis is focusing on populist elements, which can be seen in the discourse, but also as an ideology promoted by presidential candidates - party leaders representing party interests and goals on a national level. The analysis is divided into two parts - first of all, it is a comparative content analysis of political programs from 2002, 2007, 2012 and 2017, based on four indicators, and in the second part, it is a discourse analysis of speeches from above-mentioned years. To conclude, the work summarizes the rhetorical refinement of M. Le Pen, in comparision with her father and the ways she presents information to the larger public (both in written, but also in...
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Political Development in Slovakia after the 2010 Elections
Skala, Martin ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Štefek, Martin (referee)
Účelem diplomové práce je analyzovat a zkoumat změny na slovenské politické scéně v období od parlamentních voleb 2010 až po parlamentní volby 2016. Práce čerpá jednak ze Sartoriho teorie stranických systémů, tak z materiálů Institutu pro veřejné otázky, které rozebírají ve svých publikacích předmětné období. Na základě zkoumaných pohybů, diplomová práce věnuje svou pozornost jednotlivým vládám, jakož i charakteristice a voličské podpoře relevantním stranám. Během sledovaného období došlo jednak k prohloubení fenoménu tzv. oligarchické demokracie, tak na druhé straně k výraznému přeskupování voličské podpory na středo-pravém politickém spektru od hodnotově zavedených politických stran k novým, těžko definovatelným subjektům, ale i k rostoucí podpoře antisystémové strany s fašistickou minulostí. Klíčová slova volby, politické strany, oligarchická demokracie, populismus, středo-pravé strany, antisystémové strany
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Impact of the economic crisis on the position of Dutch Freedom party towards the European Union
Loučková, Lenka ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (referee)
Bc. Lenka Loučková 2015/2016 Impact of the economic crisis on the position of Dutch Freedom party towards the European Union Abstract This thesis focuses on the relationship between the economic crisis and the attitude of the Dutch radical right populist Freedom Party (PVV) towards the European Union (EU). The aim of this thesis is to determine whether the economic crisis influenced the opinion of PVV on the EU in a negative way and whether it caused the shift of the party in the categorization of attitudes towards the EU by Petr Kopecky and Cas Mudde. The research also aims at contributing to the wider discussion about the nature of right radicalism, populism and Euroscepticism in the EU by pointing to the similarities and differences between PVV and other European parties belonging to the radical right populist family. The time frame of the research starts with the origins of the party in the year 2005 and ends with the last important elections that PVV participated in, the European Parliament elections in 2014. Election manifestos, as well as official statements of the party and its representatives on the Internet and in the media are used for the analysis. The research itself is focusing on three areas: EU's institutional setup and the direction of European integration; issues related to movement of...
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The Rise of the Radical Left in Europe (Syriza and Podemos)
Bošanská, Barbora ; Mejstřík, Martin (advisor) ; Handl, Vladimír (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the rise of the radical left in Europe. The aim of this thesis is to introduce radical left parties and to answer the question, whether the Greek party SYRIZA influenced the Spanish movement Podemos. The transfer should be based on examples. The first part presents the theoretical frame of the topic, especially the theory of policy transfer, which is the main theoretical pillar of this thesis. It also contains the theory of left-wing populism which defines the parties ideologically and explains the nature of their policy. The next part describes the causes of the rise in popularity of the radical left. It also deals with the origins, ideology and political programmes of SYRIZA and Podemos. In the last, research sections, the theory of policy transfer is applied on specific examples. Topics are divided into 3 parts - economic area, social measures and foreign policy. The degree of policy transfer is based on analysing the primary and secondary sources.
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